Internet searches for Invisalign® orthodontic aligner: an infodemiological study using google trends tool / Buscas na internet sobre alinhador orodôntico Invisalign®: um estudo infodemiológico usando ferramenta google trends

Aim: to evaluate the internet searches for Invisalign® in Brazil and worldwide between 2018 and 2021, using the Google Trends tool. Methods: An infodemiological study was carried out. The relative search volume (RSV) for the term "invisalign" in Google platform was retrieved for each year of study, both in Brazil and worldwide, using a standard procedure. Results and Conclusion: Both in Brazil and worldwide, there was a statistically significant increase in RSV between 2018 and 2021 (all p <0.05), indicating progressively more interest in Invisalign® clear aligner on the internet.

Objetivo: avaliar as buscas na internet por Invisalign® no Brasil e no mundo entre 2018 e 2021, utilizando a ferramenta Google Trends. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo infodemiológico. O volume relativo de busca (RSV) para o termo "invisalign" na plataforma Google foi recuperado para cada ano de estudo, tanto no Brasil quanto no mundo, utilizando um procedimento padrão. Resultados e Conclusão: Tanto no Brasil quanto no mundo, houve um aumento estatisticamente significativo do RSV entre 2018 e 2021 (todos p <0.05), indicando progressivamente mais interesse pelo alinhador transparente Invisalign® na internet.

Space closure using aligners

ABSTRACT Introduction: Due to the search for more aesthetic and comfortable alternatives to perform orthodontic treatments and to the great technological development, orthodontic aligners have assumed great importance. More and more complex treatments have been carried out with these appliances without, however, having all aspects involved in their use being studied in depth. Its biomechanical planning requires different approaches than those used in fixed orthodontics, as the force systems involved in movements, responses and side effects are distinct, and the professional must be prepared when opting for the technique. Objective: The objective of this article is to perform an evaluation of the force systems created on the space closure with aligners, its characteristics, and problems, as well as make some suggestions to overcome the difficulties inherent to its use. Conclusion: Space closure with aligners is possible, but depends on the correct selection of the patient, in addition to requiring the proper planning of the applied forces. The use of auxiliary resources and overcorrections to address the deficiencies of the aligner systems should always be considered. Digital planning should be used as a map of the force systems that will be applied, and not just as a marketing tool, keeping in mind that determining the objectives and the way to achieve them is the responsibility of the orthodontist, and that treatment plans must be individualized for each situation, following appropriate biomechanical precepts.

RESUMO Introdução: Devido à busca por alternativas mais estéticas e confortáveis para realizar tratamentos ortodônticos e ao grande desenvolvimento tecnológico, os alinhadores ortodônticos assumiram uma grande importância. Tratamentos cada vez mais complexos vêm sendo realizados com esses dispositivos sem que, no entanto, sejam estudados em profundidade todos os aspectos envolvidos na sua utilização. Seu planejamento biomecânico requer abordagens diferentes da Ortodontia fixa, pois os sistemas de forças envolvidos nas movimentações, respostas e efeitos colaterais são distintos, e o profissional deve estar preparado ao optar por essa técnica. Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma avaliação dos sistemas de forças envolvidos no fechamento de espaços com alinhadores, suas características e problemas, bem como apresentar algumas sugestões para contornar as dificuldades decorrentes de seu uso. Conclusão: O fechamento de espaços com alinhadores é possível, mas depende da correta seleção do paciente, além de exigir o adequado planejamento das forças aplicadas. O uso de recursos auxiliares e sobrecorreções para suprir as deficiências dos sistemas de alinhadores deve ser sempre considerado. O planejamento digital deve ser usado como um mapa dos sistemas de forças que serão aplicados, e não apenas como ferramenta de marketing, tendo em mente que a determinação dos objetivos e da maneira de atingi-los é de responsabilidade do ortodontista e que os planejamentos devem ser individualizados para cada situação, seguindo preceitos biomecânicos adequados.

Factors related to the control of maxillary anterior teeth torque in invisible appliances / 口腔疾病防治

@#Invisible appliance technology is a novel orthodontic technology that uses computer aided design and polymer materials to achieve a more aesthetic and comfortable treatment. Compared with traditional lip-bracket orthodontic treatments, the greatest advantages of an invisible appliance are aesthetics. In the orthodontic process, the control of the anterior teeth may not be accurate, which often directly affects the patient′s postoperative side appearance; however, in clinical practice, there is still a large deficiency in the control of the anterior tooth torque by an invisible appliance compared to traditional lip-bracket orthodontic treatments. The factors related to the expression efficiency of anterior tooth torque include the combination of morphology and position of different types of brackets and wires, the tooth movement mode and clincheck design. This article reviews the factors that influence lingual orthodontics and clear aligner therapy in the treatment of anterior tooth torque.

Expression of cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid associated with tooth movement induced by aligners: a pilot study

ABSTRACT Introduction: The search for more aesthetic and comfortable orthodontic devices has led to an increase in the use of clear aligners. Objective: To increase knowledge on biological mechanisms of orthodontic tooth movement using Invisalign aligners. Methods: This study included 11 patients with a mean age of 23.6 ± 4.8 years. Cases planning included alignment and leveling of lower incisors using Invisalign aligners. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from the lower incisors on the day of delivery of aligner number 1 (T0) and after 1 (T24h), 7 (T7d), and 21 (T21d) days. During the observation period of the study, the patients used only the aligner number 1. Levels of nine cytokines were quantified using Luminex's multi-analysis technology. Non-parametric tests were used for comparisons between cytokine expression levels over time. Results: Cytokine expression levels remained constant after 21 days of orthodontic activation, except those of MIP-1β, which presented a statistical difference between T24h and T21d with a decrease in the concentration levels. IL-8, GM-CSF, IL-1β, MIP-1β, and TNF-α showed the highest concentrations over time. Conclusions: The different behavior in the levels of the investigated cytokines indicates a role of these biomarkers in the tissue remodeling induced by Invisalign.

RESUMO Introdução: a busca por dispositivos ortodônticos mais estéticos e confortáveis gerou um aumento no uso de alinhadores transparentes. Objetivo: ampliar o conhecimento sobre os mecanismos biológicos associados ao movimento dentário ortodôntico promovido por alinhadores Invisalign®. Métodos: a amostra foi constituída por 11 pacientes, com idade média de 23,6 ± 4,8 anos. O planejamento dos casos incluiu alinhamento e nivelamento de incisivos inferiores usando os alinhadores. O fluido gengival crevicular foi coletado na superfície vestibular de incisivos inferiores no dia da entrega do alinhador número 1 (T0) e após 1 (T24h), 7 (T7d) e 21 (T21d) dias. Durante o período de observação do estudo, os pacientes utilizaram apenas o alinhador número 1. Os níveis de nove citocinas foram quantificados por meio do sistema Luminex de multianálise. Testes não paramétricos foram realizados para comparações entre os níveis de expressão de citocinas ao longo do tempo. Resultados: a concentração das citocinas manteve-se constante após 21 dias de ativação ortodôntica, exceto a MIP-1β, que apresentou uma redução estatisticamente significativa entre os tempos T24h e T21d. As IL-8, GM-CSF, IL-1β, MIP-1β e TNF-α apresentaram as maiores concentrações ao longo do tempo. Conclusão: a constância na expressão dos níveis das citocinas parece estar compatível com o estímulo mecânico induzido por alinhadores.

The clinical effects of Invisalign-aided molar distalization in the treatment of mild or moderate crowding in anterior teeth / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@# The present study evaluated the clinical effects of Invisalign-aided molar distalization in the treatment of mild or moderate crowding in anterior teeth. @*Methods@#Eleven adults with class Ⅱ dental malocclusion and a class Ⅰ skeletal pattern were selected as subjects. The patients’ molar occlusion did not exhibit an end-to-end relationship. Subjects were selected for straight profile, mild or moderate crowding in maxillary teeth and normal or mild crowding in mandibular teeth. Nonextraction and Invisalign-aided molar distalization were planned for treatment. Model measurement and cephalometric analysis were performed before and after treatment. A paired t test was used for the statistical analysis.@*Results@#The crowding and class Ⅱ molar relationship were corrected in all 11 patients. The upper first molars were moved distally by 2.32 mm (t = 3.315, P < 0.01) and were inclined distally by 3.35° (t = 3.959, P < 0.01) on average. The central incisors were protruded by 1.72 ° (t = 3.274, P < 0.01) on average. The buccal movement of the upper first molars was 1.32 mm (t = 2.461, P < 0.05) on average. The above differences were statistically significant. @*Conclusion @#Upper molar distalization can be achieved using a class Ⅱ elastic-aided Invisalign technique. The end-to-end molar occlusion can be corrected, and front teeth with mild or moderate crowding can be aligned using our treatment protocol.

Innovation of Invisalign technology and its efficacy for tooth movement / 口腔疾病防治

@#The Invisalign system has been used in the clinic for nearly two decades and its invisible, comfortable and beautiful features are increasingly favored by doctors and patients. In recent years, Invisalign technology is constantly innovating from mild crowding (G1), relatively complicated tooth movement (G2), anterior tooth torque control (G3), anterior open bite (G4), deep overbite (G5), first four premolar extraction (G6), and posterior open bite (G7) to the correction of skeletal class Ⅱmalocclusion in adolescents. Its indications has covered almost all areas of traditional fixed orthodontics. However, as this technology is in the developmental stage, there is a discontinuity between the computer-designed positioning and the clinical results. Although Invisalign has manifested excellent performance in correcting tooth intrusion, tipping movement and distal movement, its ability to correct tooth rotation and extrusion still needs improvement. This paper reviews the characteristics of Invisalign G1-G7 and Invisalign MA and the efficacy of these systems in correcting different types of tooth movement.

Pain perception among patients treated with passive self-ligating fixed appliances and Invisalign® aligners during the first week of orthodontic treatment / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to compare the perception of pain between patients treated with passive self-ligating fixed appliances and those treated with Invisalign aligners. METHODS: This prospective study conducted in Saudi Arabia used an estimated sample of 64 patients from a private dental clinic. After obtaining written informed consent, the patients were divided into two groups; one group (n = 32) was treated using passive self-ligating fixed appliances and the other group (n = 32) using Invisalign® aligners. Immediately after fitting the appliances, the patients' perception of pain was evaluated through a close-ended and coded self-administrated questionnaire by using a visual analog scale (VAS). Their responses were recorded at 4 hours, 24 hours, day 3, and day 7. Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson's chi-square test were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A lower percentage of patients treated with Invisalign aligners reported pain than did patients treated with passive self-ligating fixed appliances, and these differences were statistically significant (p = 0.001). Similarly, the mean VAS score for the Invisalign group was significantly lower than that for the passive self-ligating fixed appliance group at different intervals during the first week of treatment. The intensity of pain with both appliances peaked at 24 hours (mean VAS score, 3.87) and was lowest (mean VAS score, 1.62) on day 7. CONCLUSIONS: During the first week of orthodontic treatment, patients treated with Invisalign aligners reported lower pain than did those treated with passive self-ligating fixed appliances.

Comparation of periodontal health of patients treated by the invisalign system with those treated by fixed orthodontic appliance / 实用口腔医学杂志

60 cases(aged 18-40 years) underwent orthodontic treatment were divided into 2 groups.30 patients in group A were treated with invisible aligners,while 30 in group B with fixed orthodontic appliance.Periodontal indices (PI,GI,SBI,PD)were examined before treatment,6 weekes,6 months and 12 months after treatment.Before and 6 weeks after treatment the indices were not statistically different between groups,6 and 12 months after treatment the indices of group A were lower than those of group B (P ＜ 0.05).The invisalign appliance is more propitious to periodontal health than the fixed orthodontic appliance.

Effects on canine intrusion treatment with different Invisalign parameters / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the effects of different parameters (thickness,orthodontic displacement,elastic modulus) from Invisalign on canine displacement and periodontal ligament (PDL) stress during mandibular canine intrusion treatment.Methods Forty-eight different Invisalign models were used to simulate canine intrusion treatment by using the finite element method.Results The initial displacement of the canine and stress on canine PDL were proportional to the thickness,intrusion displacement,and elastic modulus of the Invisalign,and the intrusion displacement had the greatest influence on canine displacement.During canine intrusion treatment,the compressive stress on PDL was the most sensitive and changed easily with the change of parameters.Conclusions The canine displacement may increase with the thickness,intrusion displacement and elastic modulus of Invisalign increasing,however,the stress on PDL will also increase,showing the largest increasing magnitude in compressive stress on PDL meanwhile.Therefore,to accelerate tooth movement in Invisalign treatment,it is suggested to use the assisted devices or some other measures such as attachment,supplement of bracket-wires treatment,or implant anchorage.

Effects on canine intrusion treatment with different Invisalign parameters / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the effects of different parameters (thickness, orthodontic displacement, elastic modulus) of Invisalign on canine displacement and periodontal ligament (PDL) stress during mandibular canine intrusion treatment. Methods Forty-eight different Invisalign models were used to simulate canine intrusion treatment by using the finite element method. Results The initial displacement of the canine and stress on canine PDL were proportional to thickness, intrusion displacement, and elastic modulus of Invisalign. The intrusion displacement had the greatest influence on canine displacement. During canine intrusion treatment, the compressive stress on PDL was the most sensitive parameter and changed easily with the change of parameters. Conclusions The increase of Invisalign thickness, intrusion displacement and elastic modulus can increase canine displacement, however, the stress on PDL also increases, with the largest increasing magnitude in compressive stress on PDL. Therefore, to accelerate tooth movement in Invisalign treatment, it is suggested to use the assisted devices or measurements, such as attachment, supplement of bracket-wires treatment, or implant anchorage.

Effects on canine intrusion treatment with different Invisalign parameters / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the effects of different parameters (thickness,orthodontic displacement,elastic modulus) from Invisalign on canine displacement and periodontal ligament (PDL) stress during mandibular canine intrusion treatment.Methods Forty-eight different Invisalign models were used to simulate canine intrusion treatment by using the finite element method.Results The initial displacement of the canine and stress on canine PDL were proportional to the thickness,intrusion displacement,and elastic modulus of the Invisalign,and the intrusion displacement had the greatest influence on canine displacement.During canine intrusion treatment,the compressive stress on PDL was the most sensitive and changed easily with the change of parameters.Conclusions The canine displacement may increase with the thickness,intrusion displacement and elastic modulus of Invisalign increasing,however,the stress on PDL will also increase,showing the largest increasing magnitude in compressive stress on PDL meanwhile.Therefore,to accelerate tooth movement in Invisalign treatment,it is suggested to use the assisted devices or some other measures such as attachment,supplement of bracket-wires treatment,or implant anchorage.

Effects on canine intrusion treatment with different Invisalign parameters / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the effects of different parameters (thickness,orthodontic displacement,elastic modulus) from Invisalign on canine displacement and periodontal ligament (PDL) stress during mandibular canine intrusion treatment.Methods Forty-eight different Invisalign models were used to simulate canine intrusion treatment by using the finite element method.Results The initial displacement of the canine and stress on canine PDL were proportional to the thickness,intrusion displacement,and elastic modulus of the Invisalign,and the intrusion displacement had the greatest influence on canine displacement.During canine intrusion treatment,the compressive stress on PDL was the most sensitive and changed easily with the change of parameters.Conclusions The canine displacement may increase with the thickness,intrusion displacement and elastic modulus of Invisalign increasing,however,the stress on PDL will also increase,showing the largest increasing magnitude in compressive stress on PDL meanwhile.Therefore,to accelerate tooth movement in Invisalign treatment,it is suggested to use the assisted devices or some other measures such as attachment,supplement of bracket-wires treatment,or implant anchorage.

Surface wear of resin composites used for Invisalign(R) attachments / Desgaste superficial de las resinas compuestas utilizadas en los "attachments" de la técnica Invisalign®

Orthodontic treatments with Invisalign® require the use of attachments, which are composite resin buttons attached to tooth surfaces. Attachments constitute one of the most powerful tools for improving the efficiency of orthodontic tooth movement. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate surface wear over six months in two resin composites (Filtek Z350 XT, 3M ESPE and Amelogen Plus TW, Ultradent Products Inc.) used for making Invisalign® attachments. These composites were selected for their esthetic and mechanical properties. Forty attachments were bonded to the buccal surface of maxillary teeth. Materials were randomized and assigned in a double blind manner. Impressions were taken of the attachments using a preestablished technique immediately after bonding and following 6 months of clinical use. The impressions were examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) at 12fold magnification to identify changes in surface texture and attachment shape. Data were analyzed using MannWhitney's test on the overall ranking of detected changes in those variables. Statistically significant differences (P<0.001) were found for surface wear, with greater changes in Amelogen Plus. Attachment shape did not change significantly in either material (P>0.05). According to the results of this study, the alteration of the attachment surface during the first six months of treatment depends on the composite used, while attachment shape does not appear to be affected, so the clinical performance of the materials evaluated could be considered acceptable (AU)

Los tratamientos ortodóncicos con alineadores Invisalign® utilizan aditamentos construidos en resinas compuestas llamados "attachments" adheridos a la superficie dentaria. El "attachment" es una de las herramientas más potentes para mejorar la eficiencia del movimiento dental. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el desgaste superficial de dos resinas compuestas utilizadas para construir los "attachments" en el tratamiento de ortodoncia con la técnica de alineadores Invisalign®. Se evaluaron 40 "attachments" adheridos a la superficie vesti bular de piezas dentarias del maxilar superior en un período de 6 meses. Los "attachments" fueron construidos en forma aleatoria y a doble ciego con dos resinas compuestas (Filtek Z350 XT de 3M ESPE y Amelogen Plus TW Ultradent Products Inc) elegidas de acuerdo con las propiedades estéticas y mecánicas requeridas. Los "attachments" fueron impresionados con una técnica preestablecida inmediatamente luego de ser adheridos y a los 6 meses. Las muestras fueron preparadas para su observación mediante Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (MEB) a 12 aumentos. Se observaron los cambios producidos en la textura superficial y la forma entre el inicio y los seis meses de tratamiento. Los datos fueron analizados y comparados utilizando la prueba de MannWhitney, realizada en función del ordena miento global, de menor a mayor según el cambio producido en esas variables. Los materiales analizados mostraron una diferencia estadísti camente significativa (P<0,001) en el desgaste superficial, siendo el Amelogen Plus el material que evidenció mayor cambio. Las modificaciones en la forma de los "attachments" no fueron estadísticamente significativas en ambos materiales (P>0,05). Según los resultados obtenidos en este estudio, la modificación de la superficie de los "attachments" durante los primeros seis meses de tratamiento varía en función del composite empleado, en tanto la forma del "attachment" no parece ser afectada de manera similar, por lo que el desempeño clínico podría ser considerado aceptable cuando se emplean los materiales evaluados (AU)

Oportunidade do uso da corticotomia alveolar associado ao tratamento da má oclusão de Classe II com aparelho Invisalign® – relato de caso / Class II malocclusion treatment option with alveolar corticotomy and Invisalign® appliance – case report

Corticotomia alveolar é uma das diferentes maneiras de acelerar e aumentar a eficiência do movimento dentário. O propósito desse trabalho é apresentar o planejamento e execução da fase acelerada do tratamento ortodôntico da má oclusão de Classe II com aparelho Invisalign® e auxílio de corticotomias alveolares.

Alveolar corticotomy is one of the different ways to accelerate and increase dental movement efficiency. The aim of this paper is to present the accelerated phase planning and implementation of a Class II malocclusion orthodontic treatment with Invisalign® appliance and the aid of alveolar corticotomies.

Mechanical responses from mandibular canine with different movement types in Invisalign treatment / 医用生物力学

Objective To compare mechanical responses from mandibular canine with different movement types in orthodontic treatment with Invisalign. Methods Based on computed tomography images of the teeth and their supporting tissues, the finite element model of the mandible and periodontal ligaments was established. The translation, inclination and rotation movements of the canine in buccolingual direction were simulated to obtain displacements and stresses of the canine and periodontal ligaments under the three different movements. Results The initial movements of the canine and stress distributions on periodontal ligaments were mainly determined by different movement types of the canine. The stress distributions on periodontal ligaments were similar when the canine was in translation and inclination movements. The bodily movement trend of the canine was much larger in rotation movement than that in translation movement under the same displacement magnitude. Conclusions The mechanical responses and its degrees from canine would be different under different movement types. To get better understanding with such different responses can help design more reasonable orthodontic treatment with Invisalign, avoid the damage to periodontium and achieve the orthodontic treatment with less time.

Invisalign: uma alternativa estética para a movimentação dentária / Invisalign: an esthetic alternative for dental movement

O sistema Invisalign utiliza um software que permite a elaboração não só de uma simulação do tratamento ortodôntico (set-up), mas também de uma sequencia da movimentação dentária necessária para a obtenção da correção planejada. Tratamentos de diferentes tipos de más oclusões são descritos na literatura com essa técnica, variando desde casos mais simples a outros com um grau maior de complexidade. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, através da revisão da literatura, as vantagens, as desvantagens e as aplicações clínicas desse sistema. Verificou-se que, a despeito de certas limitações, inerentes ao aparelho, casos bem selecionados podem se beneficiar com a técnica, obtendo-se vantagens como facilidade de higiene, conforto e estética durante o tratamento.

The Invisalign system uses software that allows the elaboration of an orthodontic treatment simulation or “set-up” and a sequence of the necessary tooth movements to achieve the desired correction. Treatments of different types of malocclusions using this technique have been described in the literature, varying from simpler cases to others involving greater complexity. Based on a literature review, the aim of this study was to assess the Invisalign system’s advantages, disadvantages, and clinical applications. Despite certain inherent limitations to the appliance, wellselected cases can benefit from the technique, obtaining advantages like ease of oral hygiene, comfort, and cosmetic appearance during treatment.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Malocclusions using the Invisalign System / 대한치과교정학회지

Recent developments in software technology have made it possible to create a virtual three-dimensional model of the dental arches from digitally scanned casts of a patient's dentition. This modelmay then be manipulated with software to produce stages of tooth movement from the initial malocclusion to the final desired occlusion. A sterolithograghic model is made for each stage of tooth movement which is the basis for construction of a series of clear and thin overlay appliances. These appliances are worn full time by the patient to move the teeth according to the programmed stages of movement. Malocclusions involving mild to moderate crowding and space closure have been proven to be successfully treated with this appliance. Experience with this appliance has demonstrated excellent patient compliance with less discomfort, improved esthetics and oral hygiene control, when compared with fixed orthodontic appliances. Orthodontic treatment with this appliance is a potentially useful alternative approach to fixed appliances for treatment of a variety of malocclusions in patients with fully erupted permanent teeth.